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A diamond’s parts, facets and proportions influence its appearance and the way it handles light. This quick guide introduces the five main parts.
From the table at the top to the culet at its base, each part contributes to a diamond’s structure and visual character. Open each navy section below for a concise explanation.
This guide focuses on the round brilliant cut. Other diamond shapes use the same principal part names, although their facet patterns and proportions differ.
The five main parts of a round brilliant diamond.
In a round brilliant diamond, the table is the largest facet. It is one of several features considered when describing the diamond’s proportions.
The crown facets work with the diamond’s other facets to influence how light returns as brightness, fire and scintillation.
The girdle forms the diamond’s perimeter and is often the area held by the setting. Its thickness and the way the stone is set can matter for protection.
Pavilion depth and angle influence whether light returns through the crown or escapes through the diamond. They work together with the other proportions.
Some diamonds have a small facet at the culet; others come to a point. A noticeably large culet can affect the diamond’s face-up appearance.
Brightness, fire and scintillation depend on how a diamond’s facets and proportions work together. No single measurement tells the whole story.
The white light returned to the viewer from the diamond and its surroundings.
Flashes of spectral colour created when white light is separated into its component colours.
The pattern of light and dark flashes seen as the diamond, viewer or light source moves.
Shape describes the outline, such as round, oval, pear or emerald. Cut describes how a diamond’s proportions, facet relationships, symmetry and polish work together. Two diamonds of the same shape and carat weight can still look different.
Diamonds are highly resistant to scratching, but a sharp impact can still chip one. A suitable setting can help protect vulnerable areas, and regular checks can catch worn claws or movement before they become a bigger problem.
Visit our complete Anatomy of a Diamond guide to explore diamond parts, facets and proportions in greater detail.
Choosing an engagement ring? We are happy to help you compare diamond details and find the stone that feels right for you.
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